Through English with pleasure

Abstraction - the main method of our thinking. Its result - the formation of most general concepts and propositions (abstractions). In the decorative art of abstraction - a process of stylization of natural forms. The art of abstraction is present continuously, in its most extreme expression in the visual art it leads to abstract, to the particular direction in the fine art of XX century., Which is characterized by the rejection of images of real objects, the ultimate synthesis or elimination of forms, figurative compositions (from lines , dots, spots, planes, etc.), experiments with color, spontaneous expression of the inner world of the artist, his subconscious in the chaotic, unorganized abstract form (abstract expressionism). This direction may include painting of Russian artist Wassily Kandinsky.

Representatives of some trends in abstract art created logically ordered structure, echoing the search for a rational organization of forms in architecture and design (Suprematism Russian painter Kazimir Malevich, constructivism, etc.) In sculpture, abstract art was expressed less than in the painting. Abstract was a common response to the disharmony of the modern world and was a success because it proclaimed the failure of conscious in art and encouraged "to give the initiative forms, colors, colors."

Realism (from Fr. Realisme, from Lat. Realis - real) - in the arts in the broad sense of truthful, objective, comprehensive reflection of reality, the specific means peculiar kinds of art.

Common signs of realism is the reliability of the method in reproducing reality. However, the realistic art has a huge variety of ways of knowing, generalization, artistic reflection of reality (GM Korzhev, MB Greeks, AA Plastov, A. Gerasimov, TN Yablonskaya, P. D . Corinne, etc.)

The realistic art of the XX century. becomes vivid national characteristics and a variety of forms. Realism - the opposite phenomenon of modernism.

Avant-garde - (from Fr. Avant - advanced, garde - force) - a concept that defines the experimental modernist beginnings in art. In every era there were novel phenomenon in the visual arts, but the term "avant-garde" established only at the beginning of XX century. At this time, there were areas such as Fauvism, Cubism, Futurism, Expressionism, abstract art. Then in the 20s and 30s avant-garde position is surrealism. During the 60-70s add new types of abstract art - different forms of actionism, work with objects (pop art), conceptual art, photorealism, etc. Kineticism avant-garde artists express their creativity kind of protest against traditional culture.

In all the avant-garde directions, despite their great variety, can be identified in common: the rejection of the norms of classical images, formal innovation, deformation forms, expression, and various game conversion. All this leads to blur the boundaries between art and reality (ready-made, installation, envayroment), creating the ideal of open work of art, directly invading into the environment. The Art of the avant-garde is designed for dialogue of the artist and the viewer, active human interaction with the artwork, participation in the work (eg, kinetic art, happenings, etc.). The works of the avant-garde trends sometimes lose their fine start and are assimilated to the objects of reality. Modern trends in avant-garde are closely intertwined, creating new forms of synthetic art.

Underground (English underground - underground dungeon) - a concept that means "underground" culture, opposed itself to the conventions and constraints of traditional culture. Exhibitions by artists of this trend is not often held in the salons and galleries, and on the ground, as well as in subways or metro, which in some countries is referred to the underground (subway). Probably, this fact also influenced by the fact that a given direction in the art of the XX century. to approve this name.

In Russia, the concept of an underground community of artists has become the symbol representing the unofficial art.

Surrealism (Fr. surrealisme - sverhrealizm) - the direction in art and literature of XX century. formed in the 1920s. Originating in France at the initiative of the writer A. Breton, Surrealism soon became an international trend. The Surrealists believed that the creative energy comes from the sphere of the subconscious, which manifests itself during sleep, hypnosis, painful delirium, sudden insights, automatic behaviors (random walk with pencil and paper, etc.).

Surrealist artist as opposed to abstract not reject images of real objects, but they are in chaos, deliberately devoid of logical relationships. Lack of meaning, the rejection of a reasonable reflection of reality - the basic principle of art surrealism. On detachment from real life and says the name direction: "Sur" in French "on"; artists do not claim to reflect reality, and mentally put their creations "over" realism, producing works of art for the delusional fantasies. Thus, the number of surrealistic paintings included similar, paranormal by M. Ernst, J. Miro, J. Tanguy, as well as items that are processed beyond recognition, the surrealists (M. Oppenheim).

Surreal direction, headed by Salvador Dali, was based on an illusion of fidelity surreal image, which arises in the unconscious. His paintings are distinguished by a careful manner of writing, the exact transmission of light and shade, perspective, which is typical academic painting. The viewer, yielding convincing illusion of painting, is drawn into a maze of deception and unsolvable riddles: solid objects melt, become dense opacity incompatible objects are twisted and turned, massive amounts of becoming weightless, and it all adds up to a impossible in reality.

Known fact. Once at the show in front of Salvador Dali work long standing spectator, looking intently and trying to make sense. Finally in desperation he said loudly: "I do not understand what it means!" Cry the audience heard was on the Dali exhibition. "How can you understand what that means, if I do not understand," - said the artist, expressing thus the basic principle of the surrealist art to paint without thinking, without thinking, abandoning reason and logic.

Exhibition of the Surrealists were accompanied, as a rule, scandals: the audience were outraged by looking at the odd, strange paintings, believed that they are cheated, mystify. The Surrealists were accused of spectators, said that those left behind, not grown to the creation of "advanced" artists.

General features of fantasy art surrealism absurd illogic, the paradoxical combination of forms, the visual instability, volatility in the images. Artists obraschaliss to simulate primitive art, creativity, children and the mentally ill.

Artists in this direction would create their paintings a reality, non-reflective reality, prompted by the subconscious, but in practice this translates into the creation of pathologically repulsive images, and eclectic kitsch (in German - kitsch; cheap, tasteless, mass production is designed for external effect).

Individual finds the Surrealists used in commercial areas, decorative arts, such as optical illusions, allowing to see in one picture two different image or scene, depending on the direction of gaze.

The works of the surrealist cause the most complex associations can be identified in our perception of evil. Scary visions and dreams of an idyllic, violence, despair - these feelings in different ways show through in the work of the Surrealists, is actively working on the viewer, the absurdity of works of surrealist works on associative imagination and psyche.

Surrealism is a controversial artistic phenomenon. Many of the really cutting-edge artists, knowing that it destroys the art direction, subsequently abandoned surreal views (artists Pablo Picasso, Klee, P., and others, poets F. Lorca, P. Neruda, Spanish director L. Bunuel, who shot a surreal films .) By the mid-1960s, surrealism was replaced by new, more eye-catching lines of modernism, but quaint, mostly the ugly, meaningless product of surrealist still fill the halls of museums.

Modernism (Fr. modernisme, from Lat. Modernus - a new, modern) - the collective designation of all the latest trends, destinations, schools and the activities of individual masters the art of XX century., Breaks with tradition, pealizmom and counting experiment based on the creative method (Fauvism, Expressionism, cubism, futurism, abstract art, Dadaism, surrealism, pop art, op art, kinetic art, hyperrealism, etc.). Modernism is close to the value of avant-garde and opposed to academic art. Modernism negatively valued by art historians as the Soviet crisis of bourgeois culture. Art has the freedom to choose their historical paths. The contradictions of modernity as such, should be seen not static, but in the historical dynamics.

Pop Art (English pop art, from popular art - popular art) - the direction in the art of Western Europe and the United States since the late 1950s. The heyday of Pop Art was in the turbulent 60s, when many European and American youth riots broke out. The youth movement did not have a single goal - to unite the pathos of negation. Young people were ready to jettison the whole past culture. This was reflected in art.

A distinctive feature of pop art mix of call with indifference. All are equally valuable or equally precious, equally beautiful and equally outrageous, equally worthy or unworthy. Perhaps only an advertising business is based on the same dispassionate, businesslike attitude to everything in the world. No coincidence that advertising has had an enormous influence on pop art, and many of its representatives have worked and are working in promotional centers. The creators of advertising programs and capable of show slash into small pieces and mix them in the right combination of detergent and a well-known masterpiece, toothpaste, and a fugue by Bach. Similarly, the received and pop art.

Motifs of popular culture operated pop-art in different ways. In the picture are introduced through a collage of photos or real objects, usually in unexpected or completely absurd combinations (R. Rauschenberg, E. Ward Hall, R. Hamilton). Painting can mimic the compositional methods and techniques of billboards, comic picture can be enlarged to the size of a large canvas (R. Lihtensteyn). The sculpture can be combined with the dummy. For example, the artist created a likeness K. Oldenburg showcase casts Food enormous size of unusual materials

Between sculpture and painting often has no boundaries. The art work of pop art is often not only has three dimensions, but also fills the entire exhibition space. By virtue of these transformations the source image object is converted to mass culture and is perceived very differently than in real domestic environments.

The main category of pop art is not an artistic image, and its "code", avoid the author of man-made process of its creation, the image of something (M. Duchamp). This process has been introduced to expand the concept of art and the inclusion of non-fiction activities, "the release of" Art in the area of mass culture. Artists of Pop Art were the initiators of such forms as happening, object installation, envayroment and other forms of conceptual art. Similar trends: an underground, hyperrealism, op-art, ready-made, etc.

Op art (Eng. Op art, is reduced. Of optical art - optical art) - the direction in the art of XX century., Widely held in the 1960s. Op art artists used a variety of visual illusions, based on the peculiarities of perception of planar and spatial figures. The effects of spatial displacement, fusion, evaporation is achieved by introducing forms of rhythmic repetition, sharp contrasts of color and tone, the intersection of spiral and lattice configurations, winding lines. In the op-art frequently used set-changing world, the dynamic structure (discussed further in Section kinetic art). Illusions of flowing movements, consistent change patterns, unstable, continuously tunable forms occur in op-art only a sense of audience. Technical direction continues the line of modernism.

Purposes of art.

The main purpose of art is the expression of boundless ideas and concepts. This endeavor can model behaviors, shape beliefs, and create shared experiences. In effect, it draws back to us, grows inside us, and becomes a part of us. Through its diverse forms, like literature, music, sculpture, and paintings, art touches every facet of our lives. Expression is a process of sending ideas. Art is any recorded experience that draws us back to it, holds us there, grows inside us, becomes part of us.

Art is the expression of what you feel. What you see when you close your eyes, what you dream about, what you are afraid of, what makes you smile, what makes you cry, what makes you paint, draw, photograph, music, design, architecture, everything.

The purpose of art is the same as the purpose of life. Both are one, and both are a celebration of our connection to the cosmos. It is as impossible to create without life as it is to live without creating.

The definition of art)

I could tell you that art plays a large part in making our lives infinitely rich. Imagine, just for a minute, a world without art! (You may think "So what?" but please consider the impact that lack of graphics would have on your favorite video game.) Art stimulates different parts of our brains to make us laugh or incite us to riot, with a whole gamut of emotions in between. Art gives us a way to be creative and express ourselves. For some people, art is the entire reason they get out of bed in the morning. You could say "Art is something that makes us more thoughtful and well-rounded humans."

Art

Art is the product or process of deliberately arranging items (often with symbolic significance) in a way that influences and affects one or more of the senses, emotions, and intellect. It encompasses a diverse range of human activities, creations, and modes of expression, including music, literature, film, photography, sculpture, and paintings. The meaning of art is explored in a branch of philosophy known as aesthetics, whereas disciplines such as anthropology, sociology and psychology analyze its relationship with humans and generations.

Тема "Венецианское окно". Автор изображений для темы: sbayram. Технологии Blogger.

среда, 19 октября 2011 г.

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среда, 19 октября 2011 г.